Glaucoma and Your Eyes

Health Tips - Glaucoma : Glaucoma and Your Eyes




Glaucoma is a condition that causes damage to your eye's
optic nerve and gets worse over time. It's often associated
with a buildup of pressure inside the eye. Glaucoma tends to
be inherited and may not show up until later in life.
The increased pressure, called intraocular pressure, can
damage the optic nerve, which transmits images to the brain.
If damage to the optic nerve from high eye pressure
continues, glaucoma will cause permanent loss of vision.
Without treatment, glaucoma can cause total permanent
blindness within a few years.
Because most people with glaucoma have no early symptoms
or pain from this increased pressure, it is important to see
your eye doctor regularly so that glaucoma can be diagnosed
and treated before long-term visual loss occurs.
If you are over the age of 40 and if you have a family history
of glaucoma, you should have a complete eye exam with an
eye doctor every one to two years. If you have health
problems such as diabetes or a family history of glaucoma or
are at risk for other eye diseases, you may need to visit your
eye doctor more frequently.

Why Does Pressure Rise in the Eye to Cause Glaucoma?

Glaucoma usually occurs when pressure in your eye
increases. This can happen when eye fluid isn't circulating
normally in the front part of the eye.
Normally, this fluid, called aqueous humor, flows out of the
eye through a mesh-like channel. If this channel becomes
blocked, fluid builds up, causing glaucoma. The direct cause
of this blockage is unknown, but doctors do know that it can
be inherited, meaning it is passed from parents to children.
Less common causes of glaucoma include a blunt or
chemical injury to the eye, severe eye infection, blockage of
blood vessels in the eye, inflammatory conditions of the eye,
and occasionally eye surgery to correct another condition.
Glaucoma usually occurs in both eyes, but it may involve
each eye to a different extent.

What Are the Symptoms of Glaucoma?

For most people, there are usually few or no symptoms of
glaucoma. The first sign of glaucoma is often the loss of
peripheral or side vision, which can go unnoticed until late in
the disease. Detecting glaucoma early is one reason you
should have a complete exam with an eye specialist every one
to two years. Occasionally, intraocular pressure can rise to
severe levels. In these cases, sudden eye pain, headache,
blurred vision, or the appearance of halos around lights may
occur.

If you have any of the following symptoms, seek immediate
medical care:

· Seeing halos around lights
· Vision loss
· Redness in the eye
· Eye that looks hazy
(particularly in infants)
· Nausea or vomiting
· Pain in the eye
· Narrowing of vision (tunnel
vision)

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